Start with evidence
Separate reported facts from estimates and interpretation. Keep the original source and the date of the information accessible.

OUR PHILOSOPHY
Investment Philosophy
Independent thinking. A long-term perspective.
A useful investment process does not depend on certainty. It depends on a clear explanation of what is known, what is assumed and what would cause that view to change.
We approach an investment theme by examining the underlying economics, the expectations reflected in a valuation and the range of plausible outcomes. Risk is part of this analysis from the beginning, rather than a separate consideration at the end.
Our principles
Separate reported facts from estimates and interpretation. Keep the original source and the date of the information accessible.
Describe how a company earns, reinvests and returns capital. A broad trend needs a credible link to business value.
Ask which assumptions matter most and how a different outcome could affect liquidity, financing or competitive position.
New evidence may strengthen a thesis, weaken it or make it irrelevant. A consistent process allows for a changing conclusion.